Cataracts
Cataracts
Cataract Treatment: There is no age-related non-surgical treatment (varo – eye drops and glasses) or age-related prevention of cataracts – the best natural treatment is prevention. Patients should be taught ways to reduce cataracts, such as quitting smoking, losing weight, optimal blood sugar control in diabetic patients, and using sunglasses in the outdoor environment. Normally, surgery is not performed if the patient’s visual impairment is not to the extent that prevents him from performing his normal activities. Therefore, the patient’s vision status and performance level are the primary decision criteria for surgery. In cataract surgery, the blind lens is removed from the eye, and in most cases, a permanent intraocular lens or lens is placed instead of the natural lens, that is, the lens remains in the eye forever.
Cat Cataract (Phico) Cataract is clouding of the lens of the eyes. This condition can cause vision problems when reading, driving and other daily activities. The most common type of cataract is age-related cataract. Decreasing the transparency of the lens of the eye is a natural process over time, and the possibility of contracting this disease increases with age. The types of cataract based on the area of the eye lens that is affected are 1- nuclear 2- cortical and posterior subcapsular. Nuclear Cataract: Blurring occurs in the center of the lens, and genetics plays an important role in it, which is associated with myopia. Cortical cataract: It involves the anterior, posterior or lateral part of the lens in the cortical area, and vision changes in very bright and bright lights. Sunlight as a damage factor is cortical cataract. Cataract under the posterior capsule: It occurs behind the posterior capsule. It is more common in young people and is more common with long-term use of corticosteroids – diabetes and trauma to the eyeball. Near vision decreases and eye sensitivity to light increases.
Common symptoms of cataracts are pain-free blurred vision, sensitivity to light, frequent changes in the score of binocular glasses in one eye, the need for more light to study, reduced vision at night, fading or yellowing of colors, risk factors for cataracts, age, eye disease with cataracts, and toxic factors. such as smoking – use of aspirin – eye burns) factors related to nutrition (malnutrition – obesity) physical factors (blows – lens perforation exposed to sunlight) systemic diseases (diabetes – Down syndrome – kidney disease – skeletal disorders – Muscular)
How are cataracts diagnosed? A careful examination by an ophthalmologist can determine the presence and extent of cataracts, as well as any other problems that cause vision loss or discomfort. In addition to cataracts, other operations, especially problems with the retina or optic nerve, may cause vision loss. If these problems exist, full vision may not be obtained after cataract surgery. If these problems are severe, even cataract surgery may not improve vision. Scan test for vision loss, ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp biomicroscopy are ways to determine the degree of cataract. The amount of opacity of the eye lens is not necessarily always related to the functional status of the patient. Some patients are able to perform normal daily activities despite severe clinical cataract. In some other people whose lens opacity is less, there is a disproportionate decrease in visual acuity, so visual acuity is a suitable measure for visual impairment.
Producer: Maryam Nusratabadi
Source: Bruner and Sodarth’s book
Compilation date: Autumn 1400
Revision date: 3 years later
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