Lumbar disc and laminectomy surgery

Lumbar disc and laminectomy surgery
Lumbar disc
The spine is made up of a number of vertebrae that include 7 cervical vertebrae and 12 lumbar vertebrae and sacrum that enclose the spinal cord. Most of the body weight and pressure is on the lumbar vertebrae. The disc is located between the two vertebrae, which is a small cushion of cartilage and consists of a nucleus in the middle and a strong wall around it. A disc herniation occurs when the area around the nucleus ruptures and the disc nucleus moves outward from its original location, between the vertebrae, causing pressure on adjacent buildings, especially the posterior one.
Most hernias occur in the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae.
signs
Symptoms of lumbar disc herniation include lower back pain and cramps in the lumbar muscles up to the legs, symptoms related to pressure and sciatica such as tingling and tingling in the legs, drowsiness, burning and pain in the buttocks and legs in advanced cases, weakness and inability to move On the legs or hands.
In cases such as at night and after standing and sitting or walking for a long time with cough, sneezing and trauma to the body, the pain worsens.
Ways to diagnose:
Based on symptoms – MRI, CT-Scan and myelography
treatment
The purpose of treatment is to relieve pain and prevent the progression of the disease and the patient’s disability and to reduce and increase the pressure on the nerve
Or the return of a person’s ability to perform daily activities and surgery is performed in urgent cases. The necessity of surgery is in cases such as inability to perform daily activities – weakness of the legs or arms and impaired control of urination or defecation.
What is laminectomy surgery?
It also removes a small blade from the spinal bone called the lamina and the part of the disc that puts pressure on the nerve.
Becomes.
Preoperative careQuit smoking two weeks ago

A light meal the night before the operation and from midnight the patient should not consume any food, not even water.

The operation area is hairless.
Self-care instructions during hospitalization
1- Introducing the head nurse, nurse and doctor to the patient
2- Familiarity training with the hospital space
3- Educate the patient and his patient about the patient identification bracelet and the importance of using it if yellow and red colors are used and observed.
4- Hand hygiene training and mouthwash and toothbrush care
5- After the operation, the patient lies on his back and put a pillow under his head and a pillow is placed under the knees to reduce the pressure on the knees.
6- The patient can rotate on his side and to rotate to the sides, first put a pillow between the knees and then rotate the body of the head, shoulders and legs at the same time and do not rotate the back alone.
7- The day after the operation, the patient should get out of bed and walk according to the four-spring belt. The patient should use the toilet and after the operation, the patient may feel a murmur and tingling in the limbs. Also, a narrow tube called a hemobag is placed in the patient’s back, which removes the discharge from the operation site. The operation is removed according to the doctor’s theory.
Recommendations after discharge:
The patient is instructed that it takes 6 weeks for the operation site to fully heal. Therefore, if you have heavy activity, you will need physiotherapy after the operation at the doctor’s discretion.
Avoid sitting or standing for long periods of time for the first 2 to 4 weeks. Lie on a firm mattress and keep your back straight while sitting and maintain an optimal weight.
Avoid lifting heavy objects. Use the toilet. Take a light shower 5 days after the operation. 14 days after the operation, pull the stitches and do not go up and down the stairs.
Walking and swimming are the best exercises and avoid sleeping on your stomach. Contact your doctor if you experience symptoms such as bleeding from the surgical site, infection, severe pain, and worsening of weakness and drowsiness in the limbs.